Headache and Pain Research

Volume 25(1); April 2024

Editorial

Migraine in Women: Inescapable Femaleness?: Soo-Kyoung Kim; Headache Pain Res. 2024;25(1):1-2. Published online April 24, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.62087/hpr.2024.0010

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Review Articles

Migraines in Women: A Focus on Reproductive Events and Hormonal Milestones: Seonghoon Kim, Jeong Wook Park; Headache Pain Res. 2024;25(1):3-15. Published online April 5, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.62087/hpr.2024.0003

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7 Citations

Abstract PDF

Migraine, a prevalent neurological disorder, is more common in women than in men. This sex difference is more pronounced after menarche and diminishes after menopause. Migraines in women are influenced by the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and lactation, suggesting a connection to sex hormones, known as the estrogen withdrawal theory. Beyond endogenous hormonal changes accompanying reproductive events, exogenous hormonal factors such as contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy may also affect migraines. The hormonal influence cannot be explained simply by serum estrogen levels; instead, it involves a complex interplay of various factors. Here, we delineate aspects of migraines associated with endogenous and exogenous hormonal changes over the course of a woman’s life, exploring the mechanisms and contributing factors through which sex hormones influence migraines.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Framing and Management of Migraines in Women: An Expert Opinion on Challenges, Current Approaches, and Future Multidisciplinary Perspectives
Piero Barbanti, Rossella E. Nappi
Healthcare.2025; 13(2): 164. CrossRef
Morning Headaches: An In-depth Review of Causes, Associated Disorders, and Management Strategies
Yooha Hong, Mi-Kyoung Kang, Min Seung Kim, Heejung Mo, Rebecca C. Cox, Hee-Jin Im
Headache and Pain Research.2025; 26(1): 66. CrossRef
Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Monoclonal Antibody Treatment in Nine Cases of Persistent Headache Following COVID-19-Infection
Soyoun Choi, Yooha Hong, Mi-Kyoung Kang, Tae-Jin Song, Soo-Jin Cho
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Migraine in Women: Inescapable Femaleness?
Soo-Kyoung Kim
Headache and Pain Research.2024; 25(1): 1. CrossRef
Three-month treatment outcome of medication-overuse headache according to classes of overused medications, use of acute medications, and preventive treatments
Sun-Young Oh, Jin-Ju Kang, Hong-Kyun Park, Soo-Jin Cho, Yooha Hong, Mi-Kyoung Kang, Heui-Soo Moon, Mi Ji Lee, Tae-Jin Song, Young Ju Suh, Min Kyung Chu
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Subjective Cognitive Decline Patterns in Patients with Migraine, with or without Depression, versus Non-depressed Older Adults
Sun Hwa Lee, Soo-Jin Cho
Headache and Pain Research.2024; 25(2): 103. CrossRef
Understanding the Connection between the Glymphatic System and Migraine: A Systematic Review
Myoung-Jin Cha, Kyung Wook Kang, Jung-won Shin, Hosung Kim, Jiyoung Kim
Headache and Pain Research.2024; 25(2): 86. CrossRef

Menstrual Migraine: A Review of Current Research and Clinical Challenges: Jong-Geun Seo; Headache Pain Res. 2024;25(1):16-23. Published online April 22, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.62087/hpr.2024.0004

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6 Citations

Abstract PDF

The term “menstrual migraine” is commonly used to describe migraines that occur in association with menstruation, as distinct from other migraine types. A significant proportion of women of reproductive age experience migraine attacks related to their menstrual cycle. Menstrual migraine is characterized by migraine attacks occurring on day 1±2 (i.e., days −2 to +3) of menstruation in at least two out of three menstrual cycles. Although the reported prevalence of menstrual migraine varies considerably, population-based studies have found that menstrual migraine affects up to 60% of women with migraines. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the etiology of menstrual migraine, among which the estrogen withdrawal hypothesis is the most widely accepted. Women who experience menstrual migraines often face considerable disability due to perimenstrual attacks. Studies have reported that perimenstrual attacks are more severe and more difficult to manage. The principles of acute managing perimenstrual attacks are the same as those for managing nonmenstrual attacks. Short-term preventive therapy is needed to prevent menstrual migraines before they occur during the perimenstrual period. This review summarizes the prevalence, distinct clinical features, pathophysiological mechanisms, and management of menstrual migraine.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Sex hormones and diseases of the nervous system
Hyman M. Schipper
Brain Medicine.2025; : 1. CrossRef
Evidence-Based Recommendations on Pharmacologic Treatment for Migraine Prevention: A Clinical Practice Guideline from the Korean Headache Society
Byung-Su Kim, Pil-Wook Chung, Jae Myun Chung, Kwang-Yeol Park, Heui-Soo Moon, Hong-Kyun Park, Dae-Woong Bae, Jong-Geun Seo, Jong-Hee Sohn, Tae-Jin Song, Seung-Han Lee, Kyungmi Oh, Mi Ji Lee, Myoung-Jin Cha, Yun-Ju Choi, Miyoung Choi
Headache and Pain Research.2025; 26(1): 5. CrossRef
Morning Headaches: An In-depth Review of Causes, Associated Disorders, and Management Strategies
Yooha Hong, Mi-Kyoung Kang, Min Seung Kim, Heejung Mo, Rebecca C. Cox, Hee-Jin Im
Headache and Pain Research.2025; 26(1): 66. CrossRef
Migraine in Women: Inescapable Femaleness?
Soo-Kyoung Kim
Headache and Pain Research.2024; 25(1): 1. CrossRef
Three-month treatment outcome of medication-overuse headache according to classes of overused medications, use of acute medications, and preventive treatments
Sun-Young Oh, Jin-Ju Kang, Hong-Kyun Park, Soo-Jin Cho, Yooha Hong, Mi-Kyoung Kang, Heui-Soo Moon, Mi Ji Lee, Tae-Jin Song, Young Ju Suh, Min Kyung Chu
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Understanding the Connection between the Glymphatic System and Migraine: A Systematic Review
Myoung-Jin Cha, Kyung Wook Kang, Jung-won Shin, Hosung Kim, Jiyoung Kim
Headache and Pain Research.2024; 25(2): 86. CrossRef

COVID-19 Infection-related Headache: A Narrative Review: Yoonkyung Chang, Tae-Jin Song; Headache Pain Res. 2024;25(1):24-33. Published online April 2, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.62087/hpr.2024.0008

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33 Download
3 Citations

Abstract PDF

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is the virus responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which caused a global pandemic and then became an endemic condition. COVID-19 infection may be associated with clinical manifestations such as respiratory symptoms and systemic diseases, including neurological disorders, notably headaches. Headaches are a common neurological symptom in individuals infected with COVID-19. Furthermore, with the transition to endemicity, COVID-19 infection-related headaches may reportedly persist in the acute phase of COVID-19 infection and in the long term after COVID-19 infection resolves. Persistent headaches after COVID-19 infection can be a significant concern for patients, potentially leading to disability. The present review discusses the clinical characteristics and potential underlying mechanisms of COVID-19 infection-related headaches.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Unclosing Clinical Criteria and the Role of Cytokines in the Pathogenesis of Persistent Post-COVID-19 Headaches: A Pilot Case-Control Study from Egypt
Ahmed Abualhasan, Shereen Fathi, Hala Gabr, Abeer Mahmoud, Diana Khedr
Clinical and Translational Neuroscience.2025; 9(1): 5. CrossRef
Exploring Secondary Headaches: Insights from Glaucoma and COVID-19 Infection
Soo-Kyoung Kim
Headache and Pain Research.2025; 26(1): 3. CrossRef
Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Monoclonal Antibody Treatment in Nine Cases of Persistent Headache Following COVID-19-Infection
Soyoun Choi, Yooha Hong, Mi-Kyoung Kang, Tae-Jin Song, Soo-Jin Cho
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

Application and Effectiveness of Dietary Therapies for Pediatric Migraine: Ji-Hoon Na; Headache Pain Res. 2024;25(1):34-41. Published online April 17, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.62087/hpr.2024.0007

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57 Download
6 Citations

Abstract PDF

Migraine is a representative type of primary headache and a common chronic neurological disease that accounts for a large proportion of headaches in children, adolescents, and adults. Unlike migraine in adulthood, pediatric migraine occurs when brain development is not yet complete. This characteristic may require a new perspective for the treatment and management of pediatric migraine. Dietary therapies, mainly the ketogenic diet and its variants, can have positive effects on pediatric migraine. Several recent studies have revealed that dietary therapies, such as the classic ketogenic diet, modified Atkins diet, and low glycemic index diet, improve various neurological diseases by improving dysbiosis of microbiota, reducing proinflammatory cytokines, and increasing mitochondrial function. Nonetheless, the mechanism through which active dietary therapy affects pediatric migraine requires further research. To achieve this, an important role is played by the neuro-nutritional team, which can develop and manage tolerable diets for pediatric migraine patients through mutual collaboration among pediatric neurologists, nurses, and nutritionists.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Episodic Migraine in the Pediatric Population: Behavioral Therapies and other Non-Pharmacological Treatment Options
Parisa Gazerani
Current Pain and Headache Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Current Trends in Pediatric Migraine: Clinical Insights and Therapeutic Strategies
Adnan Khan, Sufang Liu, Feng Tao
Brain Sciences.2025; 15(3): 280. CrossRef
Clinical Efficacy and Safety of the Ketogenic Diet in Patients with Genetic Confirmation of Drug-Resistant Epilepsy
Ji-Hoon Na, Hyunjoo Lee, Young-Mock Lee
Nutrients.2025; 17(6): 979. CrossRef
Clinical profile and treatment outcomes of idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a multicenter study from Korea
Kyung-Hee Cho, Seol-Hee Baek, Sung-Hee Kim, Byung-Su Kim, Jong-Hee Sohn, Min Kyung Chu, Mi-Kyoung Kang, Hee Jung Mo, Sang-Hwa Lee, Hong-Kyun Park, Soohyun Cho, Sun-Young Oh, Jong-Geun Seo, Wonwoo Lee, Ju-Young Lee, Mi Ji Lee, Soo-Jin Cho
The Journal of Headache and Pain.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Nutritional Approaches to Managing Pediatric Migraine
Hye Eun Kwon
Headache and Pain Research.2024; 25(2): 75. CrossRef
Reduction of neck pain severity in patients with medication-overuse headache
Yooha Hong, Hong-Kyun Park, Mi-Kyoung Kang, Sun-Young Oh, Jin-Ju Kang, Heui-Soo Moon, Tae-Jin Song, Mi Ji Lee, Min Kyung Chu, Soo-Jin Cho
The Journal of Headache and Pain.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

Update on Cluster Headaches: From Genetic to Novel Therapeutic Approaches: Myun Kim, Je Kook Yu, Yoo Hwan Kim; Headache Pain Res. 2024;25(1):42-53. Published online April 22, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.62087/hpr.2024.0009

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4 Citations

Abstract PDF

Cluster headaches affect 0.1% of the population and are four times more common in males than in females. Patients with this condition present with severe unilateral head pain localized in the frontotemporal lobe, accompanied by ipsilateral lacrimation, conjunctival injection, nasal congestion, diaphoresis, miosis, and eyelid edema. Recently, the first genome-wide association study of cluster headaches was conducted with the goal of aggregating data for meta-analyses, identifying genetic risk variants, and gaining biological insights. Although little is known about the pathophysiology of cluster headaches, the trigeminovascular and trigeminal autonomic reflexes and hypothalamic pathways are involved. Among anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibodies, galcanezumab has been reported to be effective in preventing episodic cluster headaches.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Exercise as an abortive treatment for cluster headaches: Insights from a large patient registry
Mi‐Kyoung Kang, Yooha Hong, Soo‐Jin Cho
Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology.2025; 12(1): 149. CrossRef
Morning Headaches: An In-depth Review of Causes, Associated Disorders, and Management Strategies
Yooha Hong, Mi-Kyoung Kang, Min Seung Kim, Heejung Mo, Rebecca C. Cox, Hee-Jin Im
Headache and Pain Research.2025; 26(1): 66. CrossRef
Side Shift of Attacks in Cluster Headache: A Prospective Single-center Study
Michelle Sojung Youn, Jun Pyo Kim, Mi Ji Lee
Headache and Pain Research.2024; 25(2): 96. CrossRef
Reduction of neck pain severity in patients with medication-overuse headache
Yooha Hong, Hong-Kyun Park, Mi-Kyoung Kang, Sun-Young Oh, Jin-Ju Kang, Heui-Soo Moon, Tae-Jin Song, Mi Ji Lee, Min Kyung Chu, Soo-Jin Cho
The Journal of Headache and Pain.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

Original Articles

Associations of Migraine and Tension-type Headache with Glaucoma: Jong-Ho Kim, Young-Suk Kwon, Sang-Hwa Lee, Jong-Hee Sohn; Headache Pain Res. 2024;25(1):54-62. Published online March 29, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.62087/hpr.2024.0002

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43 Download
3 Citations

Abstract PDF

Purpose: It remains unclear whether primary headaches, particularly migraine, are associated with glaucoma. We investigated potential associations between primary headaches, including migraine and tension-type headache (TTH), and primary glaucoma, including open-angle glaucoma (OAG) and closed-angle glaucoma (CAG).
Methods
We used data from the Clinical Data Warehouse collected between 2008 and 2023 to investigate whether migraine and TTH influence the risk of primary glaucoma. We compared the prevalence of primary glaucoma, including OAG, CAG, other glaucoma, and total glaucoma (TG), among patients with migraine, those with TTH, and controls.
Results
This study analyzed 46,904 patients with migraine, 48,116 patients with TTH, and 455,172 controls. Controls were selected based on propensity score matching (PSM). After adjustment for covariates and PSM, the fully adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for patients with migraine were 1.83 for OAG (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.33–2.51; p<0.004) and 1.55 for TG (95% CI, 1.26–1.91; p<0.004) compared to controls. Furthermore, in patients with TTH, the ORs for CAG were 2.20 (95% CI, 1.40–3.47; p<0.004) compared to controls. Additionally, patients with migraine had fully adjusted ORs of 1.71 for OAG (95% CI, 1.24–2.36; p<0.004) and 1.41 for TG (95% CI, 1.15–1.73; p<0.004) compared to those with TTH.
Conclusion
Migraine is associated with primary glaucoma, particularly OAG.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Exploring Secondary Headaches: Insights from Glaucoma and COVID-19 Infection
Soo-Kyoung Kim
Headache and Pain Research.2025; 26(1): 3. CrossRef
Association between migraine and primary open-angle glaucoma: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Dima L Chaar, Aliya Yakubova, Chen Jiang, Thomas J Hoffmann, Alice Pressman, Denis Plotnikov, Hélène Choquet
Cephalalgia Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Subjective Cognitive Decline Patterns in Patients with Migraine, with or without Depression, versus Non-depressed Older Adults
Sun Hwa Lee, Soo-Jin Cho
Headache and Pain Research.2024; 25(2): 103. CrossRef

Cluster Headache Characteristics and the Severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Insights from Polysomnography Analysis: Yooha Hong, Mi-Kyoung Kang, Min Kyung Chu, Soo-Jin Cho, Hee-Jin Im; Headache Pain Res. 2024;25(1):63-71. Published online April 16, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.62087/hpr.2024.0001

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30 Download
1 Citations

Abstract PDF

Purpose: Cluster headache (CH) is characterized by circadian rhythmicity of the attacks, and it is known to respond exceptionally well to oxygen therapy. Furthermore, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) frequently co-occurs with CH, and both conditions may be parallel outcomes of hypothalamic dysfunction rather than being causally related. The aim of this study was to analyze the association between CH characteristics and polysomnographic factors stratified by the severity of OSA in patients diagnosed with CH and OSA.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the data of OSA patients with CH who were enrolled in the Korean Cluster Headache Registry and underwent polysomnography due to clinical suspicion of OSA. Basic demographic data, headache-related parameters, and polysomnographic parameters were analyzed according to the severity of OSA (apnea-hypopnea index: <15 or ≥15 per hour).
Results
Twelve CH patients with OSA were evaluated. The onset age of CH was higher (38.5 years vs. 19.0 years, p=0.010), and the maximal duration of cluster bouts was longer (156.5 days vs. 47.0 days, p=0.037) in the moderate-to-severe OSA group than in the mild OSA group. Unlike other polysomnographic parameters, the apnea-hypopnea index and respiratory arousal index during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep were comparable across different OSA severity levels.
Conclusion
The onset age and duration of cluster bouts were associated with the severity of OSA in CH patients. Additionally, the relatively high susceptibility to hypoxia during REM sleep in patients with mild OSA implies that interventions may be potentially advantageous, even in CH patients with mild OSA.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Morning Headaches: An In-depth Review of Causes, Associated Disorders, and Management Strategies
Yooha Hong, Mi-Kyoung Kang, Min Seung Kim, Heejung Mo, Rebecca C. Cox, Hee-Jin Im
Headache and Pain Research.2025; 26(1): 66. CrossRef

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